Transmitter for signaling by electromagnetic waves.



F.-.l. CHAMBERS.

TRANSMITTER FOR SIGNALING BY ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.-8, l9l2.

Patented May 30, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

L fizziiai'or I F. J. CHAMBERS.

TRANSMIITER FOR SIGNALING BY ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. a. 1912.

1,185,479. Patented May 30,1916.-

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I? J a f l I x/ l I I 5 E en Z02 w 666 I Z-Z-Z JZQJIZZW$ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIGE.

FREDERICK JOHN CHAMBERS, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR T0 AUTOMATIC TELEPHONE MANUFACTURING COMPANY LIMITED, OF LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND.

TRANSMITTER FOR SIGNALING BY ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 30, 1916:.

Ap ication filed February 8, 1912. Serial No. 676,190.

T 0 all whom it way con cern:

Be it known that I. FREDERICK JOHN inntnuus. a subject of the King'of Great Britain. residing in London. England, and whose post-office address is at Princes Square, London, England, engineer, have invented an Improved Transmitter for Signaling by Electromagnetic \Vaves. of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved method of producing highly damped oscillations for signaling by electromagnetic wayes in what are generally known as shock or impact, excitation'methods. In these systems either the primary circuit receives oscillations across a spark gap,

' conductive.

which is rapidly quenched and imparts its energy to a secondary circuit connected with the anten'na, or energy is imparted to an ant "na circuit which may or may not contain a spark gap across certain supply gaps, which are themselves rapidly rendered non- The first method is identified with Wiens name and the second with Lodges.

It has been shown'that the best effects will be obtained when the primary spark lasts only until the associated antenna has built up its maximum intensity. At that instant the primary spark would be completely quenched and the antenna left to oscillate,

free from the reaction of the primary.

The object of the present invention is an arrangement of a series multiple spark gap combined with the proper choice of the electric" constants of the circuit associated with it, which willfulfil as nearly as possible the above-mentioned condition.

According to the invention a multiple spark is used in which each individual spark is formed between non-parallel surfaces closely adjacent, maintained substantially at a constantdistance apart, the opposing surfaces are in relative motion, the electrodes.

are constructed so as to have considerable heat capacity and may be artificially cooled, the spark gaps are in series and the number of electrodes such that the voltage applied to the system may have any value. The rapid quenching of the sparks is due partly to the rotation'ofthe electrodes, partly to the short length of each individual spark and to the heat capacity of the electrodes and also to the arrangement by which the ratio of primary capacity to primary inducciated with the antenna. In this way practically undamped trains of oscillations are setup in the secondary circuit, whose time period will becontrolled by its own electrical constants. Multiple spark gaps and electrodes in relative motion have previously been employed for ordinary spark and for are systems, in which the primary and secondary circuits are in tune with each other; and parallel faced electrodes in relative motion have been proposed for quenched spark excitation, but the'object and arrangement of such previously known systems are different from those now proposed. 1n the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a side view, Fig. 2 a plan view partly in section, and Fig. 3 an end View of aconstructional form of the electrodes according to the invention.

' a, a are metallic disks preferably of electrolytic copper, which rotate with the shaft 6 but are electricallyv insulatedfrom it by the insulating sleeves 0. A collar d adjusted by the nuts e on a threaded part p of the shaft?) forces the disks a against shoulders formed on the insulating sleeve 0. The shaft 1) revolves in ball bearings and is driven an electric motor or in any other convenient manner.

The electrodes f arranged on either side of each disk a are provided with curved surfaces on the sides adjaccntto the disks 100 a and are conncctedin pairs by screwed pins k to arms {1 mounted on short lengths of the spindle h which is parallel to the rotating shaft b. The electrodes f can be separately adjusted by the screwed pins so 1 as to adjust sparking distance a s ..required. The current passes in series from the end electrode to the adjacent copper disk and thence to the next electrode and so on in series throughall the air gaps. The arms 9 110 7 'I claim 1". Means forobtaining rapidly quenched sparks 'in-the'transmisslon of Wireless sigsparks in the transmission of wireless finals, comprising a plurality of parallel nals, comprising a plurality of parallel conducting disks of large heat capacity, insulated one from the other, a second series of disks of large heat capacity mounted in pairs and arranged eccentrically to said first-named disks, each pair of said last named disks being insulated from the remaining pairs, one of the faces of each of said last-named disks being arranged adjacent to one of the'faces of one of said first-named disks toform a spark gap, and means for eccentrically adjusting one series of disks with reference to the other.

2.- Means'for obtaining rapidly quenched sig- conducting disks of large heat capacity, insulated one from the other, a second series of disks of large heat capacity mounted in pairs and arranged eccentrical-l-y to said first-named disks, each pair of said last named disks being insulated from the remaining pairs, said last-named disks being arranged adjacent to one of the faces of one of said first-named disks to form a spark gap, means Centers of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the one ofthe faces of each of insea for eccentrically adjusting one series of disks with reference to the other, and means for adjusting the distance between the .faces of the adjacent disks.

3. Means for obtaining rapidly quenched sparks in the transmission ofwireless sig nals, comprising a rotatable shaft, a plu-' rality of conducting disks of large heat capacity secured to but insulated from said shaft, a fixed shaft parallel with said firstnamed shaft, a plurality of conducting arms adjustably mounted on said fixed shaft, each of said arms carrying a pair of conducting disks of large heat capacity, one face of each of said last-named disks being arranged adjacent to a face of one of said first-named disks form a spark gap.

4. Means for obtaining rapidly quenched sparks in the transmission of wireless signals, comprising a rotatable shaft, a plurality of conducting disks of large heat capacity secured to but insulated from said shaft, a fixed shaft parallel with said rotatable shaft, a plurality of conducting arms adjustablymounted on said fixed shaft, and a pair of conducting disks of large heat capacity each having a convex face mounted on each of said arms, each of said convex faces being arranged adjacent to a face of one of said first-named disks to form a spark ap. g In testimony whereof I have signed my name .to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

FREDERI CK JOHN CHAMBERS;

Witnesses:

JOSEPH MILLARD, J. W. PATCHING.

commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. Q," 

